Improvement in machine for graduating carpenters  squares



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HORACE K. JONES, OF HARTFORD, ASSIGNOR TO THE HART MANUFACTURING COM- PANY, OF KENSINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

Letters Patent No. 93,449, dated August 10, 1869.

#firms The Schedulev referred to in these Lettera Patent and making prt of the same.

To all whom it may concern'.-

Be it known that I, HORACE K. J oNEs, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford, .and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements iu Machinery for Graduating Carpenters Squares; and I do hereby declare that vthe following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, whereby a person skilled iu the art can make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,aud to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Like letters intheiigures indicate the same parts.

Figure l is a front view of my improved machine.

Figure 2 'is an 'end view of the same, from the left of tig. 1.

Figure 3 shows a'vertical section through the line a: x, iig. I.

Figure 4 is a bottom view of the tool and holder, when in the position shown in lig. l.

Figure 5 is a view of the cutting-face of the toolholder, or a front view, as shown in tig. 1.

' My invention has for its object the more rapid anduniform graduation of carpenters squares and other.

graduated implements, than has heretofore been practised, by the use of automatic machinery, by meansof which a great number of lines are cut or engraved at the same time.

My invention consists in arranging the gravers in sets, on horizontal bars, around two vertical disks, in such a manner that the several sets are brought, successively, in contact with the square as the disks revolve, and mark the series of lines for which theyare intended.

.It also consists in the peculiar mechanismv by which this is accomplished, as is hereinafter described.

A is the pulley, by whichthe lmachine is operated.

B and C are circular disks', fixed to the shaft D, and turning with it.

E E are the supports of the. machine, inl which the axis D rests and turns. v

F F are bars reaching through the two disks, B and C, on which the tool-holders H H, Sto., are placed.

The Aends of these bars project beyondfthe disks, and work against the cams G G, when the disks revolve.

The tool-holders H surround the bars F F', as shown in Iig. 3, the bar passing through a properly-shaped aperture, in which it fits, so that the holders can have a sliding motion, in and out, from the cent-re on which they revolve. y

The tool-'holders are held outward, in the position shown in lig. 3, by means of the springs s, whose force is regulated bythe screw-plug a, figs. 3 and 5.

The tool I is held in lthe tool-holder, by being inserted in a properly-formed receptacle, and clamped by the screw b, gs. 3 and 4.

The tool is shown of a triangular form in the drawings. If of this form, either of the three edges may be used for engraving the lines. The back part of the- Ystool may, however, vary in form, so that the cuttingedge is made of a certain uniform angle.

The tool rests in the holder in a groove, of the exact inclination of its sides, into which it fits, and is pressed into its position by the set-screw b.

This insures the tool always being reinserted in the same' position, when removed from the machine for sharpening.

The face of the tool-holder, at c, figs. 3, 4, and 5, is cut away, s o as to expose the point or corner of the tool to act upon the square.

Alongside of the tool,\but not binding upon it, there is let into the tool-holdera gauge for regulating the depth of cutting of the graver.

This gauge is set in its proper place, and secured by the screw L, which holds i1 firmly in its place.

The cams G G are for the purpose of pressingiout the .bars F F', which are otherwise held in towardythe centre by the springs d (l, so that the tools are graduallyladvanced outwardly to take holdof the edge of the square, at e.

.The end of the cam is in such a position that the bars drop off just when the graver has drawn. the line of sueient length. This raises the tool from the square.

The .length of the several graduations is regulated by the shape ofthe ends of the bars F F".

The bar F', it will be observed, has a corner removed. This causes the bar to dropA ofi' the end of the cam G sooner than the .bar F, and,tlierefore, the tools on the bar F will draw shorter lin'esgthan those on F.

In the drawings, only two sets roftool-holders are shown, but there may be as many bars holding sets of tools, arranged around the circumference of the disks B and C as the space will allow.

The tools in each set are arranged a certain exact distance apart, as one inch, and those of the dilierent p sets are arranged Aso as not t0 follow each other, but bea certain distance, as one-sixteenth, one-eighth, ouefourth, one-half, 85o., to one side, so`that each set of tools engraves a certain set of graduations, there being 4 a greater or less number of sets of tools, according as the graduations are liner or coarser.

In order to graduate the blade of a square twentyfour inches long to sixteenths of an inch, there would require t'o be twenty-four Itools ineach set, and sixteen sets arranged around the circle.

One set would engrave the inch marks, another the half-inch marks, another one-half of the quart-ers, and so on,` each set making one mark in each inch.

M is the bed for holding the square to he graduated, and is pressed up against the plate I?, by the eccentric cam N, operated by the treadle O.

v'lhe bed M is so arranged -as to accommodate itself f to the taper in the thickness of the blade of the square.

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by having a play up and down at the ends, so that when pressed up in the middle, it touches the blade in all parts, and holds it firmly against the jaw P.

Alfhe part M can also be made in two or more parts,

'connected by a system of one or more horizontal levers,

for the'purpose of distributing the pressure applied at onepoint over the whole length of the blade of the square, and conform to its irregularities of surface.

The operation of my invention is as follows:

The square is placed on the bed M, and clamped iirmly up against the jaw `P, to hold it.

The disks B and O revolve, and bring the successive sets of tools against the edge'of the blade.

The ends of the bars F, 85o., follow the surface of the earns G, and press out the sets of tools successively against the square.

The gauges K ride upon the surface of the blade, and are held irmly'in contact with it by the springs s, allowing the tools to enter the exact distance to which they are set from the faces of the gauges K.

When the ends of the bars F, Ste., drop off the end of the cams G, the tools rise free from the square, and pass without touching over the plate P.

All the tools ou one bar cut lines of the same length, the ends 0f the di'erent bars being made of a suitable form to lift the tools at the right moment, so as to have the graduated lines ofthe proper length.

sans 2 Claims.

,What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the cams G and bar F with the tool-holders H and tools I, when the parts are constructed and arranged substantially as herein dcscribed.

2. The combination of the bar F, spring s, toolholder H, and gauge K, all constructed and arranged substantially as described.

3. The construction of the tool and socket, so that the edge of the tool ts into a V-shaped recess, the angle of which is in line with the working-point of thc tool, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

4. The arrangement of the several sets of tool-holders and tools upon the successive bars F, in the manner described, so that only one line is cut by the same graver, and the several lines of graduation are cut by successive tools, at certa-in distance to the right or left, substantially as herein described.

5. Regulating the length of the graduated lines, by means ofthe ends of the bars F acting upon the cams G, substantially in the manner described.

Witnesses; HORACE K. JONES.

THEO. G. ELLIS, THOMAS C. HAnRocKs. 

